This tutorial will show you how to build and move around in a 3D scene in Moho.  Moho isn’t a full 3D program - layers in Moho are 2D planes that exist in a 3D space.  However, by positioning these 2D layers carefully, and moving around them using  the 3D camera, you can create a convincing 3D environment.本教程将向您展示如何在 Moho 的 3D 场景中构建和移动。 Moho 不是一个完整的 3D 程序 - Moho 中的层是存在于 3D 空间中的 2D 平面。 但是，通过仔细定位这些 2D 图层并使用 3D 相机在它们周围移动，您可以创建令人信服的 3D 环境。

(相关资料图)

For this tutorial, we’ll start with a project file that’s almost finished. It’s named Tutorial  5.8 and it’s located in the Tutorials > 5 - Animation subfolder within your custom  content folder. 

1. Open the Tutorials > 5 - Animation > Tutorial 5.8 file in Moho. This file has some simple artwork that we’ll use to build a 3D scene. The layers in  this file are set up as shown:

对于本教程，我们将从一个几乎完成的项目文件开始。 它被命名为 Tutorial 5.8，它位于自定义内容文件夹中的 Tutorials > 5 - Animation 子文件夹中。

1. 在 Moho 中打开 Tutorials > 5 - Animation > Tutorial 5.8 文件。 该文件有一些简单的艺术作品，我们将使用它们来构建 3D 场景。 此文件中的图层设置如下所示：

The editing view should look like this to begin with:

编辑视图应如下所示：

Creating a Ground Plane 

The first step in creating our 3D scene is to set up the ground plane. 

Select the Background layer - this layer has already had a simple terrain drawn onto  it, we just need to position it correctly.

创建地平面

创建 3D 场景的第一步是设置地平面。

选择背景层——这个层已经画了一个简单的地形，我们只需要正确定位它。

Activate the Rotate Layer XY tool, and in the tool options area at the top  of the main Moho window, enter an X rotation angle of -90. Even though  the Background layer is just a flat 2D object, it can still be rotated and  positioned in true 3D space:

1. 激活 Rotate Layer XY 工具，然后在 Moho 主窗口顶部的工具选项区域中，输入 -90 的 X 旋转角度。 即使背景层只是一个平面的 2D 对象，它仍然可以在真正的 3D 空间中旋转和定位：

2. Next, activate the Transform Layer tool, and in the tool options area,  enter -0.25 as the Y value: 

3. Finally, with the Transform Layer tool, enter 5, 5, 5 in the tool options area  as the layer’s scale values:

2. 接下来，激活变换层工具，在工具选项区域中，输入 -0.25 作为 Y 值：

3. 最后，使用变换图层工具，在工具选项区域中输入 5, 5, 5 作为图层的比例值：

What these settings do is to rotate the Background layer so that it lies down  horizontally, lower it a bit, and spread it out wide to cover a large area. Perfect  settings for a ground plane. The scene should now look like this:

这些设置的作用是旋转背景层，使其水平放置，稍微降低一点，然后将其展开以覆盖大面积。 地平面的完美设置。 场景现在应该是这样的：

Arranging Foreground Objects 

The next step is to create and position foreground objects. A simple tree has already  been created for you - let’s set it up in 3D. 

1. Often, positioning objects in 3D can be easier done from an overhead  view. Use the Orbit Workspace tool to rotate the view of the scene so  that it looks something like this (partial view shown). 

2. (Notice the little blue wedge in the scene - this represents the camera.)

排列前景对象

下一步是创建和定位前景对象。 已经为您创建了一个简单的树 - 让我们在 3D 中设置它。

1. 通常，在 3D 中定位对象可以从俯视图更容易地完成。 使用 Orbit Workspace 工具旋转场景视图，使其看起来像这样（显示部分视图）。

2.（注意场景中的蓝色小楔子 - 这代表相机。）

3. Now select the Tree layer, and make the Transform Layer tool active.  Double-click the Tree layer. The Layer Settings dialog opens. 

4. In the Options section of the General tab, select the Rotate to face camera popup and choose Pivot Y Axis (you’ll see why this is important later).

5. With the Transform Layer tool selected, in the tool options area, set the  Position X value to -3.25, and the Z value to -2.25. The tree will be moved  to the far corner of the scene:

3. 现在选择树层，激活变换层工具。 双击树层。 图层设置对话框打开。

4. 在 General 选项卡的 Options 部分，选择 Rotate to face camera 弹出窗口并选择 Pivot Y Axis（稍后您会看到为什么这很重要）。

5. 选择变换图层工具后，在工具选项区域中，将位置 X 值设置为 -3.25，将 Z 值设置为 -2.25。 树将移动到场景的远角：

6. OK, that’s one tree - now add several more. In the Layers window, click the  Duplicate layer button to duplicate the Tree layer, and set new values for the X  Position and Z Position. Any values for X and Z Position will do, as long as they’re  roughly in the range between -3 and 3. 

7. Repeat the process several more times, just scattering trees across the  landscape. Keep going until you’ve created about 12 more trees. Position them  all over the place - close to the camera, far away, behind it, etc. When you’re  done you should have a small forest:

Now the reason for the Rotate to face camera checkbox may be clear. The  Tree layer (and all of its duplicates) automatically turns to face the camera -  notice how each tree is turned in a slightly different direction. This makes sure  the camera always has a full view of that layer. This may not always be what  you want, but for scenery objects, it can be a good trick, especially when the  camera starts moving.

6. 好的，这是一棵树 - 现在再添加几棵。 在图层窗口中，单击复制图层按钮以复制树图层，并为 X 位置和 Z 位置设置新值。 X 和 Z 位置的任何值都可以，只要它们大致在 -3 和 3 之间的范围内。

7. 再重复几次该过程，只是将树木散布在整个景观中。 继续前进，直到您再创建大约 12 棵树。 将它们放置在所有地方 - 靠近相机，远离相机，在相机后面等。完成后，您应该有一个小森林：

现在，Rotate to face camera 复选框的原因可能很清楚了。 树层（及其所有副本）自动转向面向相机 - 注意每棵树是如何转向稍微不同的方向的。 这可确保相机始终拥有该图层的完整视图。 这可能并不总是您想要的，但对于风景对象来说，这可能是一个很好的技巧，尤其是当相机开始移动时。

Here’s a trick: if you have a mouse with a scroll wheel, instead  of typing in numbers for the X and Z values, try holding the  mouse over those text fields and turning the wheel. The value in the  field will change, and you can watch the layer move - just keep  turning the wheel until the layer is where you want it.

这里有个技巧：如果您有一个带滚轮的鼠标，请尝试将鼠标悬停在这些文本字段上并转动滚轮，而不是输入 X 和 Z 值的数字。 字段中的值会发生变化，您可以看到图层移动 - 只需继续转动滚轮，直到图层到达您想要的位置。

8. The last step to finish off the forest is depth sorting. Double-click the Foreground group layer. In the Layer Settings dialog, click the Depth Sort tab. Turn on the  Sort layers by depth checkbox and click OK. Now all the tree layers in this group  will be sorted according to their distance from the camera.

8. 完成森林的最后一步是深度排序。 双击前景组图层。 在“图层设置”对话框中，单击“深度排序”选项卡。 启用按深度排序图层复选框，然后单击确定。 现在该组中的所有树层将根据它们与相机的距离进行排序。

Moving the Camera

Now that we’ve got a filled-in scene, lets take a tour.

Select the View > Reset menu command. You are now looking at the scene from the  camera’s point of view:

移动相机 现在我们已经有了一个填充的场景，让我们来参观一下。 选择视图 > 重置菜单命令。 您现在正在从相机的角度查看场景：

9. Set the current frame to 48 and activate the Track Camera tool. While  holding down the Alt key, click and drag downward in the editing area.  (The Alt key tells the Track Camera tool to move the camera forward and  back.). Keep dragging downward until you’ve moved forward almost to the  edge of the ground layer.

9. 将当前帧设置为 48 并激活 Track Camera 工具。 按住 Alt 键的同时，在编辑区域单击并向下拖动。 （Alt 键告诉跟踪摄像机工具前后移动摄像机。）。 继续向下拖动，直到您几乎向前移动到地面层的边缘。

10. Now activate the Pan/Tilt Camera tool. Hold down the Shift key and  drag to the side to turn the camera around. (The Shift key prevents you  from rotating the camera up and down.) It doesn’t matter where you turn to -  just point the camera in an interesting direction:

10. 现在激活 Pan/Tilt Camera 工具。 按住 Shift 键并拖动到一侧以转动相机。 （Shift 键可防止您上下旋转相机。）无论您转向哪里 - 只需将相机指向一个有趣的方向：

11. Set the current frame to 96, and use the Track Camera tool to move  forward again (be sure to hold down the Alt key to move forward). 

12. After moving forward, turn the camera in a new direction with the Pan/ Tilt camera tool (be sure to hold down the Shift key). Continue this process  (advance the current time, move forward, and turn the camera) as much as  you want, taking a little tour of your 3D scene. 

13. When you’ve moved around as much as you want, try playing back the  animation. While playing back the animation, use the Orbit Workspace tool to  view the scene from above.

14. There are two things to notice here: 

ƒ First, if you activate the Track Camera tool again, the path of the camera  is visible when viewing the scene from above. If the path is not visible,  check the Show Path option in the Track Camera tool status bar. This can  be useful when planning out camera moves. 

ƒ Second, watch how the trees turn during the animation to always face the  camera. That way, the camera never catches an edge-on view of any  tree, which would kind of spoil the 3D effect.

11、将当前帧设置为96，再次使用Track Camera工具向前移动（一定要按住Alt键向前移动）。

12. 向前移动后，使用 Pan/Tilt 相机工具将相机转向新的方向（一定要按住 Shift 键）。随心所欲地继续此过程（提前当前时间、向前移动并转动相机），稍微浏览一下您的 3D 场景。

13. 当你移动到你想要的位置时，试着播放动画。播放动画时，使用 Orbit Workspace 工具从上方查看场景。

14. 这里有两点需要注意：

首先，如果您再次激活跟踪摄像机工具，则从上方查看场景时可以看到摄像机的路径。如果路径不可见，请选中 Track Camera 工具状态栏中的 Show Path 选项。这在计划相机移动时很有用。

其次，观看动画期间树木如何转动以始终面向相机。这样，相机永远不会捕捉到任何树木的边缘视图，这会破坏 3D 效果。

Feel free to experiment with more camera moves, or to add objects of your own to  the scene.随意尝试更多的摄像机移动，或将您自己的对象添加到场景中。

标签： CAMERA Moho TREE shift INSTEAD FARAWAY SECOND